What are chlorides and chlorates?

Chlorides and chlorates are chemical compounds that contain chlorine atoms. Chlorine is a halogen belonging to group 17 of the periodic table, known for its high chemical reactivity.

Chlorides are salts that form when chlorine combines with a metal or cation to form an ionic compound. Examples Common chlorides are sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl).

On the other hand, chlorates are oxygenated salts that contain chlorine in its highest oxidation state. Chlorates are generated through the oxidation of chloride with a strong oxidizing agent, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Examples of chlorates are potassium chlorate (KClO₃) and sodium chlorate (NaClO₃).

Differences between chlorides and chlorates

Chemical composition

The main difference between chlorides and chlorates lies in their chemical composition. While chlorides are salts that only contain chlorine and another metallic element or cation, chlorates are oxygenated salts that contain chlorine in its highest oxidation state.

Physical and chemical properties

Chlorides are white or colorless crystalline solids with a high melting and boiling point. They are soluble in water and have high electrical conductivity in aqueous solution.

On the other hand, chlorates are white or yellow crystalline solids that decompose under heat to release oxygen. They are soluble in water and have high electrical conductivity in aqueous solution.

Uses and applications

Chlorides are widely used in the chemical industry for the production of chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, pesticides and food products. They are also used as reagents in organic chemistry and as electrolytes in batteries.

Chlorates are used in pyrotechnics for the production of fireworks and rockets. They are also used as sources of oxygen in the medical treatment of patients with respiratory disorders.

Conclusion

In summary, the main difference between chlorides and chlorates lies in their chemical composition and on their properties physical and chemical. Although they are related chemical compounds, their use and applications are different.

• Chloride: Salt that forms when chlorine combines with a metal or cation
• Chlorate: Oxygenated salt containing chlorine in its highest oxidation state
• Chloride: Used in the production of sodium hypochlorite, pesticides, food products and batteries
• Chlorate: Used in pyrotechnics and in the medical treatment of patients with respiratory disorders

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