Welcome to this technical article about the T47D cell line. In the field of scientific research, having precise tools and resources is of vital importance for the advancement and understanding of various areas of study. In this context, cell lines have become an invaluable tool, especially in the field of biology and medicine. In particular, the T47D cell line has stood out for its relevance and usefulness in numerous research related to breast cancer and its therapies. Throughout this article, we will explore in detail the characteristics, applications and benefits of the T47D cell line, providing a clear and concise overview of this valuable tool in the scientific field.

Introduction to the T47D Cellular Line

The T47D Cell Line is an invaluable tool for research in the field of cell biology and oncology. It is a cell line derived from a human breast tumor, being widely used in studies on breast cancer and as a model for research related to the hormone estrogen. Next, we will explore the main features and applications of this cell line so important.

One of the most notable advantages of the T47D Cell Line is its ability to grow in the presence of estrogen, which makes it an ideal model to study the behavior of cancer cells dependent on this hormone. This cell line has been used to investigate the mechanisms of action of estrogens in the development, growth and progression of breast cancer, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs aimed at blocking estrogenic signaling.

Another relevant characteristic of the T47D Cell Line is its ability to form mammospheres, structures similar to tumors in three dimensions, which allows studying the invasion and migration of cancer cells in an environment that more closely resembles reality in vivo. This in vitro model has proven to be useful for investigating the response of T47D cells to different antitumor treatments, as well as for evaluating the ability of cancer stem cells to form new mammospheres.

Features of the T47D Cellular Line

The T47D cell line is an outstanding option for researchers in the field of cell biology and oncology. This human breast cell line is widely used due to its unique characteristics that differentiate it from other cell lines.

1. Origin of the cell line: T47D was established from a biopsy of human breast tissue, specifically an infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Its human origin gives it great relevance in studies of breast pathology and allows a better understanding of the biological and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of breast cancer.

2. Hormonal expression: A distinctive feature of the T47D cell line is its ability to express estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors. This makes it a valuable tool for research related to the effects of these hormones on breast cell growth and proliferation. Additionally, T47D can be used to evaluate the efficacy of drugs that target these hormone receptors in the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer.

3. Sensitivity to therapies: The T47D cell line has been shown to be sensitive to various therapeutic treatments, making it suitable for resistance studies and development of new therapeutic approaches. In addition to being sensitive to conventional therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, T47D can be used to evaluate the efficacy of specific targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and therapies targeting the epidermal growth receptor signaling pathway.

Culture and maintenance methods of the T47D Cell Line

Proper cultivation and maintenance of the T47D cell line is essential to ensure reliable and reproducible results in research and assays. The recommended methods for growing and maintaining this cell line are listed below:

• – Prepare a suitable culture medium, such as minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).
• – Make sure that the pH of the medium is between 7.2 and 7.4 and the temperature is 37°C.
• – Use sterile culture plates and be sure to handle the cell line under aseptic conditions to avoid contamination.
• – Quickly thaw the cells in a 37°C water bath and transfer them to the appropriate prewarmed culture medium.
• – Incubate the cells in a suitable atmosphere with a 2% CO5 supply to provide the optimal concentration required.

Maintenance and subculture:

• – Regularly check the appearance and integrity of the cells under a microscope to make sure they are in good condition.
• – When the cells reach 80-90% confluency, detach the cells from the culture surface using trypsin-EDTA and subculture them to a new plate.
• – Keep a detailed record of each subculture step, including the date and number of passages performed.
• – Renew the culture medium every two to three days to provide adequate nutrients and maintain a favorable environment for cell growth.
• – Freeze the cells again every 6-8 weeks to preserve their viability and avoid the accumulation of genetic abnormalities.

Quality controls and microbiological tests:

• – Regularly perform microbiological tests to detect the presence of bacterial, fungal or viral contamination. Uses specific DNA detection and culture techniques.
• – Verifies the authenticity and purity of the cell line using genetic analysis and profile comparison techniques.
• – Performs cell viability and growth tests to evaluate the integrity and response of cells to various stimuli or treatments.
• – Performs gene expression and proteomics analysis for more detailed investigations into the biological mechanisms and interactions of the T47D cell line.

Applications of the T47D Cell Line in scientific research

The T47D cell line is widely used in scientific research due to its ability to mirror the characteristics of human breast tumors. These cells are an invaluable tool for studying the progression of breast cancer and its response to various therapeutic treatments.

The applications of the T47D cell line are diverse and range from evaluating the efficacy of new drugs to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer development. Some of the main areas of research in that is used This cell line include:

• Study of response to targeted therapies: The T47D cell line is used to evaluate the response of cancer cells to different treatments, such as hormone therapy or therapy directed against HER2. This makes it possible to determine the effectiveness of drugs and develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
• Investigation of breast cancer progression: Studying the progression of breast cancer is essential to understanding how the disease develops and how it can be prevented. The T47D cell line is used to investigate the molecular mechanisms that promote the growth of breast tumors and the invasion of healthy tissues.
• Development of research models in breast cancer: The T47D cell line has been used to develop experimental models of breast tumor tissues that allow us to more accurately simulate the reality of breast cancer in the laboratory. These models are key to testing new drugs and better understanding the biology of breast cancer.

In summary, the T47D cell line is an essential tool in scientific research in the field of breast cancer. Its versatility and ability to reflect the characteristics of human breast tumors make it a valuable ally in the search for new treatments and the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive the development of the disease.

Advantages and disadvantages of using the T47D Cellular Line

When considering the use of the T47D Cell Line, it is important to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages that its implementation could entail. Below are some key points that may help you better understand this specific cell line:

Advantages:

• Accessibility: The T47D Cell Line is widely accessible, which facilitates its use in various scientific research related to breast cancer.
• Predictability: This cell line is known for its stability and consistency in response to different treatments and agents, making it a reliable tool for experiments and studies.
• Compatibility: The T47D Cell Line is compatible with a wide range of laboratory techniques, allowing its use in a variety of tests and analyses, facilitating the obtaining of significant and conclusive data.

Disadvantages:

• Limitations: Despite its popularity and usefulness, the T47D Cellular Line has its limitations. For example, its tumor origin comes from a specific type of breast cancer, which may limit its applicability in studies related to other subtypes of breast cancer.
• Cross Contamination: There is a risk of cross contamination as this particular cell line has been widely used in many research laboratories, which could affect the integrity of the results if proper precautions are not taken.
• Genetic Diversity: The T47D Cell Line does not fully represent the genetic heterogeneity found in breast cancer patients, which may affect the interpretation of results.

In conclusion, the T47D Cell Line has significant advantages in terms of accessibility, predictability and compatibility, making it an attractive option for many researchers in the field of breast cancer. However, it is important to note its limitations, such as its restriction to a specific subtype of breast cancer and the potential risk of cross-contamination. When considering the use of this cell line, it is essential to carefully evaluate its advantages and disadvantages in the context of each particular investigation.

Preclinical and clinical studies using the T47D Cell Line

The T47D Cell Line has been widely used in preclinical and clinical studies to investigate different aspects related to breast cancer. These studies have provided valuable information about the biology of the tumor and its response to different treatments, contributing to the advancement of research in this field.

Preclinical studies using the T47D Cell Line have demonstrated its usefulness in the identification of new genes involved in breast cancer progression. Additionally, this cell line has been used to evaluate the efficacy of drugs in the treatment of breast tumors, allowing the selection of more effective and personalized therapies for patients.

In clinical studies, the T47D Cell Line has been used as a model to investigate the response of hormonal breast tumors to endocrine therapies. These studies have identified biomarkers that predict response to treatment and guide the selection of specific therapies. Additionally, the T47D Cell Line has been used to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of new drugs in clinical trials, promoting the development of safer and more effective therapies for breast cancer patients.

Interactions and responses of the T47D Cell Line to different stimuli

The studies carried out have demonstrated the various interactions and responses that the T47D Cell Line can have when faced with different stimuli. Below are the main conclusions obtained:

1. Effects of exposure to hormones:

• The T47D Cell Line has shown a positive response to exposure to hormones such as estrogen, which has contributed to its use as a model in studies related to hormone-dependent breast cancer.
• The presence of hormones has also been shown to influence cell proliferation and migration, suggesting their participation in the development and progression of breast cancer.
• Furthermore, it has been observed that the T47D Cell Line responds differently to exposure to different types of estrogens, which raises the possibility of selectivity in the interaction with these compounds.

2. Response to targeted therapy:

• The T47D Cell Line has been shown to be sensitive to therapy directed against the estrogen receptor, presenting a decrease in cell proliferation and an induction of apoptosis.
• Furthermore, it has been observed that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway can negatively affect the survival and growth of these cells.
• These findings support the use of the T47D Cell Line as an effective tool in the evaluation of new targeted therapies for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer.

3. Interaction with other factors:

• The response of the T47D Cell Line to different environmental factors such as oxidative stress, radiation and hypoxic conditions has been studied, showing changes in both cell viability and gene expression.
• Likewise, it has been observed that the interaction with cells of the immune system can modulate the response of the T47D Cell Line, which suggests the importance of the tumor microenvironment in the progression of this disease.
• These results highlight the need to take into account the complexity of the interactions that can influence the response of the T47D Cell Line to different stimuli, in order to achieve a more complete understanding of the pathophysiology of breast cancer.

Ethical and legal considerations in the use of the T47D Cellular Line

Recommendations for the proper use of the T47D Cell Line in experiments

To guarantee optimal results in your experiments involving the use of the T47D Cell Line, it is important to follow certain recommendations. These recommendations are designed to ensure proper use and integrity of the cell line, which in turn will lead to more accurate and reliable results.

1. Perform proper sterilization: Before starting any experiment, be sure to sterilize both the laboratory equipment and the culture medium used. Use proper techniques cell culture to prevent contamination and ensure the purity of the T47D cell line.

2. Maintain proper culture conditions: It is essential to maintain optimal culture conditions for the T47D Cell Line. Be sure to provide a suitable environment with appropriate temperature, humidity and pH conditions. Also, remember that these cells require the addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a nutritional supplement for optimal growth.

3. Perform controls and repetitions: To ensure the reproducibility of your results, perform positive and negative controls in each experiment. This will allow you to compare and validate your data obtained with the T47D Cellular Line. Also, consider repeating the experiments at least three times to achieve more accurate and reliable results.

Challenges and future perspectives in research with the T47D Cell Line

In research with the T47D Cell Line, different challenges may arise as we move into the future. These challenges go beyond technical and scientific obstacles, and also include ethical and practical aspects. One of the main challenges is to improve the standardization of the culture and maintenance protocols of the T47D cell line, thus ensuring the reproducibility of the results and facilitating comparison between studies.

Another important challenge is the optimization of genetic manipulation techniques in the T47D cell line. This includes modifying specific genes to study their function, as well as introducing fluorescent markers to track and visualize gene expression. in real time. The improvement of these techniques will allow a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in breast cancer and the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Regarding future perspectives in research with the T47D cell line, a greater focus is expected on the use of three-dimensional models instead of traditional monolayers in culture dishes. More physiologically relevant three-dimensional models will allow better simulation of the tumor environment and greater understanding of the response of T47D cells to therapeutic agents. Furthermore, advances in stem cell culture technology are expected to enable the development of breast organoid models that recapitulate the complexity of human tissues and provide a platform to study breast cancer progression in a more realistic setting.

Importance of genetic authentication in the T47D Cell Line

Genetic authentication in the T47D cell line is of great importance to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results. The T47D cell line is widely used in research related to breast cancer and the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that the cell line used in the studies is authentic and has not undergone contamination or genetic alterations.

Genetic authentication of T47D cells can be achieved using techniques such as STR genotyping and mitochondrial DNA sequencing. These techniques allow the genetic profile of the cells under study to be compared with previously established reference profiles, providing precise verification of the authenticity of the cell line. Furthermore, the identification of mutations or genetic alterations can help detect possible experimental errors or cross-contamination.

Ensuring the genetic authenticity of the T47D cell line is not only important scientifically, but also ethically. The publication of results based on contaminated or genetically modified cell lines can lead to the dissemination of incorrect or misleading information, which undermines the validity of the research and can negatively affect scientific progress. Therefore, it is essential to perform rigorous genetic quality control in all studies involving the T47D cell line.

Potential improvements in the cultivation and maintenance of the T47D Cell Line

One of them is the optimization of the culture medium. Currently, a standard medium containing essential nutrients for cell growth is used. However, it has been observed that certain components of the medium could be improved to promote more robust growth and greater cell viability. Some possible improvements could include adding specific growth factors, additional nutrients, or removing unnecessary components. These modifications could increase culture efficiency and help maintain the cell line more adequately in the laboratory.

Another potential improvement in the cultivation and maintenance of the T47D Cell Line is the implementation of more efficient freezing and thawing techniques. Currently, the freezing and thawing process can result in a decrease in cell viability and a loss of cell line-specific characteristics. To improve this, different freezing methodologies could be considered, such as the use of cryoprotectants and liquid nitrogen for better preservation of the cells. Additionally, different thawing rates and recovery methods could be investigated to maximize cell survival and functionality.

Finally, a further improvement in the cultivation and maintenance of the T47D Cell Line could be the implementation of bioengineering techniques to genetically modify the cells. This would allow the introduction of specific characteristics that could be beneficial for cultivation and manipulation in the laboratory. Some possible genetic modifications could include the overexpression of key proteins for cell growth, the suppression of genes that inhibit cell proliferation, or the introduction of fluorescent markers to facilitate the identification and tracking of T47D cells in experiments.

Optimization of experimental protocols using the T47D Cell Line

Optimizing experimental protocols is a crucial part of scientific research. In the specific case of the T47D cell line, using optimization strategies can significantly improve the efficiency and precision of the experiments. Below are some recommendations to optimize experimental protocols using the T47D cell line:

1. Cell culture:

• Use a suitable culture medium that provides the necessary nutrients for the growth of T47D cells.
• Maintain the incubator temperature at 37°C and provide a 5% CO2 atmosphere to maintain optimal cell growth conditions.
• Change the culture medium regularly to maintain cell viability and avoid the accumulation of toxic metabolites.
• Perform appropriate freezing and thawing of T47D cells to preserve their viability and functionality.

2. Treatments and trials:

• Establish an optimal concentration of drug or treatment to ensure an adequate response of T47D cells without causing toxicity.
• Determine the incubation time necessary to achieve the desired results, considering the response kinetics of the T47D cells.
• Use appropriate assay techniques, such as Western blot or PCR in real time, to evaluate gene or protein expression in treated T47D cells.

3. Data analysis:

• Use statistical analysis software to evaluate the results obtained and determine the statistical significance of the observed differences.
• Perform quality control analyzes and validate the reproducibility of the results obtained using the T47D cell line in different experiments.
• Document in detail the methods and results obtained, including the specific cell culture conditions, treatments and tests performed.

FAQ

Q: What is the T47D cell line?
A: The T47D cell line is a cell line used in scientific research that is derived from a human breast carcinoma.

Q: What are the characteristics of the T47D cell line?
A: The T47D cell line is an epithelial cell line derived from a human breast tumor. It is characterized by being positive for the estrogen receptor (ER) and expressing the progesterone receptor (PR). In addition, it exhibits low expression of the HER2/neu protein.

Q: When was the T47D cell line established?
A: The T47D cell line was established first in 1974 by Soule et al.

Q: What is the T47D cell line used for in research?
A: The T47D cell line is mainly used as an experimental model in studies related to breast cancer, especially in the evaluation of new therapies and the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in this disease.

Q: Is the T47D cell line resistant to any particular drug?
A: The T47D cell line is considered sensitive to a wide range of drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer, such as antineoplastics and selective hormone receptor modulators.

Q: Are there variants of the T47D cell line?
A: Yes, there are different subclones of the T47D cell line, such as T47D-MTVL and T47D-RelA, which have been developed to study more specific aspects of certain processes biological

Q: Where can I get cells from the T47D cell line?
A: T47D cell line cells are available from different cell banks and specialized cell culture suppliers.

In conclusion

In conclusion, the use of the T47D cell line has proven to be a valuable tool in scientific and clinical research. Its ability to maintain characteristics and behavior similar to human breast cells makes it a reliable model for the study of diseases and the development of therapies. Additionally, its ease of cultivation and maintenance in the laboratory make it a convenient option for large-scale experiments.

The hormonal and genetic profile of the T47D cell line, added to its ability to respond to various stimuli and therapeutic agents, allows us to explore signaling pathways and underlying mechanisms in diseases related to breast cancer. This cellular model offers the possibility of deepening the understanding of the biology of the disease, as well as evaluating the efficacy and potential toxicity of new drugs.

It is important to highlight that, although the T47D cell line provides valuable information, its use must be complemented with other cell models and clinical studies to achieve more solid and representative results. Furthermore, it is essential to take into account the limitations associated with extrapolating cell culture results to human physiology.

In summary, the T47D cell line is positioned as an indispensable tool in breast cancer research. Its ability to mimic the characteristics of human breast cells and its versatility in the laboratory allow us to advance in the knowledge and development of more effective therapies. However, it is necessary to continue researching and collaborating with other models and clinical approaches to achieve a more complete understanding of this complex disease.

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