Difference between sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
El autonomic nervous system It is a crucial part of our body that is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate, breathing and digestion. This system is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Although both systems work together to maintain homeostasis of the body, their functions and effects are different.
In this article, we will dive into the fundamental differences between the nervious system sympathetic and parasympathetic. We will understand how each of them influences our body and responds to specific situations. In addition, we will analyze the importance of equilibrium between both systems to maintain optimal health.
Sympathetic nervous system: The “fight or flight” response
El sympathetic nervous system It is activated in situations of stress or emergency, preparing the body for action. When we face a potential danger or challenge, this system triggers a series of Physiological changes known as the “fight or flight” response.
During activation nervous system sympathetic, there is an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, allowing the heart to pump more blood to the muscles. In addition, the pupils dilate to improve vision and sweating increases to regulate body temperature. All these changes are aimed optimize physical performance and mental in emergency situations.
Parasympathetic nervous system: The restorer of balance
Furthermore, the parasympathetic nervous system It is responsible for promoting relaxation and recovery of the body after a period of stress. This system acts as a counterbalance to the sympathetic nervous system, helping to restore calm and balance.
When the parasympathetic nervous system is active, effects opposite to those of the sympathetic system occur. The heart rate and the blood pressure decrease, allowing the body to relax. Furthermore, it stimulates digestion and absorption of nutrients, since the body can devote more energy to these processes in quiet moments.
The importance of balance between systems
Although the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have different functions, they are both equally important to maintain health and well-being. An imbalance between these systems can lead to both physical and emotional health problems.
When the sympathetic nervous system is constantly activated Due to chronic stress, it can cause hypertension, tachycardia and other cardiovascular problems. On the other hand, if the parasympathetic nervous system is too dominant, can result in fatigue, depression and digestive problems.
It is essential to look for a equilibrium between both systems through practices such as regular exercise, meditation, and proper stress management. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and learning to respond appropriately to stressful situations can help regulate the activity of both systems and promote optimal body function.
Understanding the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems allows us to become aware of how our body responds to different stimuli and situations. By taking care of our physical and emotional well-being, we can foster a healthy balance between these two vital systems and enjoy a fuller and more harmonious life.