Decriminalization and legalization: two different concepts

In recent years, we have heard a lot about the decriminalization and legalization of different substances and activities. However, many people confuse these terms and believe that they mean the same thing, when in reality they are very different concepts.

What is decriminalization?

La despenalización involves eliminating criminal sanctions associated with a certain act or substance, even if its use or possession remains illegal. In other words, it is not punishing people for using or possessing a drug, but it is still considered a crime.

An example of this is the decriminalization of marijuana use in some countries. Although the use of this drug does not carry a criminal penalty, its production and sale are still illegal.

What is legalization?

Furthermore, the legalization It involves allowing the use, production, distribution and sale of a substance or activity, which was previously illegal. In this case, it is about an act or substance ceasing to be a crime and becoming regulated by the State.

An example of this is the legalization of cannabis in some countries, where its production and sale is allowed in establishments regulated by the State.

Benefits and risks of decriminalization and legalization

Benefits of decriminalization

• It provides a more humane approach to drug policy, treating users as people rather than criminals.
• Allows access to medical treatments for addicted people
• Reduces penal system costs and incarceration rates.

Risks of decriminalization

• It can encourage trafficking and production of illicit drugs.
• It can lead to confusion among users, who may think that consumption has no consequences.

Benefits of legalization

• Taxes can be collected for the State, which can be used for social and drug prevention programs.
• The power of drug trafficking is reduced.
• The quality of the substance is guaranteed.

Risks of legalization

• The consumption of the substance can be normalized.
• The consumption of the substance by people who did not consume it before may increase.
• Undesirable effects may occur on public health and culture.

In summary, it is important to understand the difference between decriminalization and legalization. Each of these concepts has its benefits and risks, so it must be carefully analyzed before making a decision in either direction.

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