La evolution of thought Humanity has gone through different stages throughout history, each with its own characteristics and approaches. Three of the most significant are the modernity,⁤ postmodernity and transmodernity. Understanding the differences between these philosophical currents allows us to have a broader vision of how our way of understanding reality and knowledge has changed.

Modernity: reason as the central axis

Modernity emerged in the 17th century and extended until the mid-20th century. During this period, the reason It becomes the fundamental principle to understand the universe and the human being. ⁤Modernity‌ is characterized by trust in science and progress, as well as the search for universal and absolute truths.

Some⁤ of the most prominent thinkers of ⁢modernity are René Descartes, who proposed the ⁣Cartesian method based on methodical doubt, and⁤ Immanuel Kant, who developed the idea of ​​the categorical imperative and the moral autonomy of the individual. Modernity is also associated with the emergence of nation-states and the consolidation of the capitalist system.

Postmodernity: questioning the great stories

Starting in the second half of the 20th century, a new paradigm known as postmodernity begins to take shape. This current is characterized by the⁢ rejection of absolute truths and distrust towards great stories or metanarratives that sought to explain the totality of reality.

Postmodernism questions the idea of ​​linear progress and the supposed superiority of Western reason. thinkers like Jean Francois Lyotard y Jacques Derrida They raise the need to deconstruct dominant discourses and value the diversity of ‌perspectives and‍ experiences. ​Postmodernity is also associated with the​ emergence of new ‌ social movements and the vindication of marginalized identities.

Transmodernity: towards an integrative synthesis

In recent decades, a new proposal known as transmodernity has emerged. This current seeks to overcome the limitations of both modernity and postmodernity, integrating their "positive aspects" into a broader and more complex vision of reality.

Transmodernity‍ recognizes the importance of⁢ the ⁤ reason, but it also values⁢ other forms of‌ knowledge‌ such as intuition, emotion and⁤ spirituality. Likewise, it promotes a intercultural dialogue and the construction of a global ethic based on solidarity and respect for diversity. Authors like Henry Dussel and⁢ Leonardo Boff have contributed to the development of this perspective.

Compare the three philosophical currents

As a summary, we can establish some key differences between modernity, postmodernity and transmodernity:

• Modernity ⁤focuses on​ reason and the search for universal truths, while postmodernism questions these principles and values ​​the diversity of perspectives.
• Modernity trusts in progress and science, while postmodernism distrusts grand stories and totalizing narratives.
• Transmodernity seeks to integrate the positive aspects of both currents, promoting a intercultural dialogue ​and a⁤ global ethics based on solidarity.

Each of these currents has left a significant mark on our way of understanding the knowledge, society and the human being. Understanding their differences allows us to have a more complete and nuanced vision of the complexity of contemporary thought.

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