Down syndrome It is a chromosomal disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 700 babies born worldwide. Although much research has been done on this syndrome, there is no known single cause that triggers it. However, scientists have identified different factors that can increase the risk of having a baby with Down syndrome. One of the most important factors is the age of the mother at the time of conception, with the risk being higher in women over 35 years of age. Another possible cause is related to the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, known as trisomy 21. Additionally, there is a less common form of Down syndrome called mosaicism, in which some cells in the body have an extra copy of the chromosome. chromosome 21 and others do not. In this article we will explore these and other possible causes of Down syndrome in detail.

Step by step -- What are the causes of Down syndrome?

• The principal cause Down syndrome is the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 in the individual's genetic material.
• It happens spontaneously and there is no known way to prevent it.
• Down syndrome It is not hereditary, since it is not caused by the transmission of genes from the parents.
• There are three different types of Down syndrome: trisomy 21, translocation and mosaicism.
• La trisomy 21 It is the most common type, in which a complete extra copy of chromosome 21 is produced.
• La translocation It occurs when a part of chromosome 21 attaches to another chromosome, usually chromosome 14.
• El mosaicism It is the least common type and occurs when some cells have the extra copy of chromosome 21 and others do not.
• Advanced maternal age is a risk factor for having a baby with Down syndrome, since The risk increases as a woman ages.
• Other less common causes of Down syndrome may include genetic or environmental abnormalities.
• Genetic abnormalities may include balanced translocations in the parents or errors during cell division in the development of the embryo.
• Environmental factors that may increase the risk of Down syndrome include excessive exposure to radiation or to certain chemicals during pregnancy.

FAQ

What are the causes of Down syndrome?

1. What is Down syndrome?
• Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which a person is born with extra genetic material on chromosome 21.
2. How many people are affected by Down syndrome?
• Approximately 1 in 700 babies are born with Down syndrome.
3. What is the cause of Down syndrome?
• Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
4. Is Down syndrome hereditary?
• Most cases of Down syndrome are not hereditary and occur sporadically. Only 1% of cases are hereditary.
5. Who is affected by Down syndrome?
• Down syndrome can affect people of any race or gender. There are no known risk factors for its appearance.
6. What is advanced maternal age and its relationship with Down syndrome?
• Advanced maternal age, generally 35 years or older, is associated with an increased risk of having a baby with Down syndrome. However, most babies with Down syndrome are born to mothers under the age of 35 because they have more children.
7. Can Down syndrome be diagnosed during pregnancy?
• Yes, through non-invasive or invasive prenatal screening tests. These tests can help detect the presence of Down syndrome in the fetus with high accuracy.
8. Can Down syndrome be prevented?
• Down syndrome cannot be prevented, as it is a genetic condition. However, it is important to inform yourself and receive appropriate medical care during pregnancy to carry out a healthy pregnancy.
9. What is the life expectancy of people with Down syndrome?
• The life expectancy of people with Down syndrome has increased significantly in recent decades and is currently around 60 years or more, depending on various factors.
10. Is there a cure for Down syndrome?
• There is no cure for Down syndrome, but with proper support and medical care, people can lead full and inclusive lives.

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